Improvement in drain-fifes



' iniwd Stains @anni dirittura.

`STEPHEN CARLTON, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

Latas Param No. 89,630, daad May 4, 1869.

MROVELIENT IN DRAIN-PIPES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all lwhom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, STEPHEN CARLTON, of Lynn, in the county of Essex, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and yuseful Improvement in the Construction of Drain-Pipes, and in the mode of preventing obstruction of the same, being what I term A Protected Drain-Filter; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, complete, and exact description of said invention, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, And,

` In said drawings- Figure l shows a perspective view of said invention, with the protector, or cap detached from the pipe;

Figure 2 is a side section in the same position;

Figure-3 is a section, with the protector, or cap in place upon the pipe, and viewed from below; and

Figure 4 represents a cross-section of the apparatus in actual operation.

I apply my invention to drain-pipes of any material, form, or size, for the purpose of admitting the surrounding water freely into the same, while, at the same time, all stones, gravel, sand, mud, or other obstructing matter, are wholly excluded, so that acomplete protectionis had against the clogging, or iilling up of the pipe by however long use. y

For this purpose, I make in the top, or highest surface of the pipe, certain openings, holes, or perforations, passing through to the inside.

Where the pipe is joined in lengths, with the usual couplings, I prefer to make these holes near the coupling, and of such number as is thought necessary.

Thus, in g. l, the pipe A B is joined in two parts by the coupling C, and, near one end of the latter, three holes are pierced in the top of the pipe, a b c.

. In some cases, I prefer to make an opening slantwise, under the end of the coupling, entering the pipe at the joint, as seen at d.' v

In whatever form or number these openings are made, I next cover them with the protector, or cap' D, which is made of such a curvature as to fit upon the outside as tightly as possible, and so large as to embrace one-half the circumference of the pipe, when placed thereon.

When this protector, or cap is used near a coupling, one end is made to embrace the outer surface thereof, while the other is provided with an interior flange, e f, resting on the pipe, and securing the open Waterspace E E between the pipe and cap throughout.

When the cap is in its place, however, it must t so well as that no eniuance can be had to this space except at the lower edges of the cap, as shown at g g, iig. 4.

Where the cap is located at a distance from a coupling, or where no couplings are used, an inner flange must be used, at both ends, to preserve the waterspace E E. v

In laying pipes intended to receive this invention, the soil, in the places in contact, should consist of loose and permeable materials. This will soon pack itself closely to the lower edges of the cap, and there remain, no sand, or other substance liable to obstruct the pipe, .ever rising into the water-space under the cap. But the water itself, entering readily on beth sides, rises to the height of the top of the pipe, and there finds ingress by the holes, or openings a b c.

In the case of large pipes being fitted with this invention, it is not necessary to make the cap D se large as to embrace one-half the pipe, but it may be smaller in proportion, provided always that the depth of the water-space E E be sufficient to check all cur.- rents and quick movements in the water rising within it.

By adapting this apparatus to drain-pipes previously laid for the under-draining of land, the full advantage may be secured without disturbance of' the first arrangement, and thereby not only is a much more free ingress provided for the top-water, and other moisture found remote from the usual points of admission, but this water is enabled to enter quietly and rapidly, and no sediment, or solid matter is carried in with it.

Where the pipes are laid with the intention of using I this invention, no other openings are allowed than those described, a, b c, d, so that-the exclusion of obstructing-matter Ashall be perfect, thereby making it easy to obtain a complete and thorough system of drainage throughout any given tract, whether. street, roadway, field, or otherwise..

And my intention is to make this invention applicable not only to cylindrical, or other pipes, of the usual materials, but equally; by any construction identical in principle, to sewers, or drains of brick, masonry, or any other material or form whatever.

I am aware that perforated drain-pipes are old, and these, therefore, I do not claim; but

What I do claim, is-

The perforated pipe A B, with its coupling C, in

combination with the flanged cap 1),'so arranged that an open space, E, is formedbetween said cap and the pipe, for the admission of the surrounding water, all constructed as herein described and shown.

STEPHEN CARLTON. Witnesses: A

Bonus KIMBALL, ELLEN M. CARLTON. 

